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Linux

Code snippets for the Bash Shell

Linux
Bash

VirtualBox

Linux
VirtualBox

Linux

Linux related KBs

Linux

Pi-Hole

Linux
Pi-Hole

Proxmox

Linux
Proxmox

Nginx Proxy Manager

Linux
Networking

SSH

Linux

Linux
SSH

General

Linux

Linux

Bash

Linux

Linux

Security

Linux

Linux
Security

Proxmox Host

Proxmox

Proxmox
Linux

Proxmox VMs

Proxmox

Proxmox Virtual Machines

Proxmox
Linux

LXC Containers

Proxmox

LXC Containers on Proxmox

Proxmox
Linux

Ubuntu Specific KB

Linux

KBs specific to Ubuntu

Linux
Ubuntu

Guacamole and SSH Ubuntu 22.04 connection

Linux

The following workaround to ssh into ubuntu 22.04 and above server with Guacamole comes from this pageSource Page When setting up Guacamole I had issues with connecting to the ubuntu machine via a ssh connection. The server simply said connection error. Kn...

Linux
SSH
Ubuntu

Useful VirtualBox Commands

VirtualBox

If you run VirtualBox, here are some useful commands to manage your VMs. Check state of VM VBoxManage showvminfo your-vm | grep State State should be running. If aborted, but stop and restart the VM (see below). Check NIC configuration of VM VBoxManage sh...

Linux
VirtualBox

Start VirtualBox VM in Headless Mode

VirtualBox

Note: The command VBoxManage is used to manage VirtualBox for the current user. Please ensure that you SU to the user where VirtualBox is configured. List virtual machines VBoxManage list vms # Output from above command "MyVM" {e4b0c92c-4301-4a7d-8af8-fe...

Linux
VirtualBox

Stop VirtualBox Service Linux

VirtualBox

Service must be stopped to apply Oracle Virtual Box Updates. systemctl stop vboxautostart-service.service systemctl stop vboxballoonctrl-service.service systemctl stop vboxdrv.service systemctl stop vboxweb-service.service Alternatively the service comman...

Linux
VirtualBox

Why use apt-get upgrade instead of apt-get dist-upgrade?

Linux Updates

If apt-get update && apt-get upgrade often get a message that one or more upgrades are held back. Then usually run dist-upgrade`` to run it through and it works fine. As far as I can tell ,dist-upgrade``` does all the same things and then some. So, my quest...

Linux
Bash

The following packages have been kept back: Why and how do I solve it?

Linux Updates

Why and how do I solve it? Example of what it might look like; apt-get update && apt-get upgrade ... The following packages have been kept back: gimp gimp-data libgegl-0.0-0 libgimp2.0 Why this is happening If the dependencies have changed on one of t...

Linux
Updates

Copy SSH RSA key to a server

Linux SSH

Once an SSH key has been created, the ssh-copy-id command can be used to install it as an authorized key on the server. Once the key has been authorized for SSH, it grants access to the server without a password. Use a command like the following to copy SSH k...

Linux
Security

Creating an SSH Key Pair for User Authentication

Linux SSH

ssh-keygen generates, manages and converts authentication keys for ssh. ssh-keygen can create RSA keys for use by SSH protocol version 1 and RSA or DSA keys for use by SSH protocol version 2. The type of key to be generated is specified with the -t option. If ...

Linux
Security

Linux Users Commands

Linux General

useradd Command The general syntax for the useradd command is as follows: useradd [OPTIONS] USERNAME Only root or users with sudo privileges can use the useradd command to create new user accounts. When invoked, useradd creates a new user account according...

Linux

Change Terminal Shell to the Bash Shell

Linux Bash

Change Terminal Shell to the Bash Shell This is to change the current user (with sudo privileges) to the bash shell. sudo chsh -s /bin/bash $(whoami) Change a user (not current user) to use the bash shell. sudo chsh -s /bin/bash $(username) ...

Linux

How to Add User to Sudoers

Linux Security

usermod -aG sudo username

Linux

Change IP and Gateway from Shell

Linux Security

Change IP ifconfig <interface_name> <ip_address> netmask <netmask_address> Change Gateway sudo route add default gw <gateway_ip_address> <interface_name> Example sudo ifconfig Ethernet 10.0.100.27 netmask 255.255.255.0 sudo route add default gw 10.0.10...

Linux
Networking

Proxmox QEMU Guest Agent

Proxmox Proxmox VMs

The qemu-guest-agent is a helper daemon, which is installed in the guest. It is used to exchange information between the host and guest, and to execute command in the guest. In Proxmox VE, the qemu-guest-agent is used for mainly three things: To prop...

Linux
Proxmox

How to Set or Change the Time Zone in Linux

Linux General

A time zone is a geographic region that has the same standard time. Typically the time zone is set during the installation of the operational system, but it can be easily changed at a later time. Using the correct time zone is essential for many systems relat...

Linux

Pinging from a base user - ping: socket: Operation not permitted

Linux Security

The error message ping: socktype: SOCK_RAW followed by ping: socket: Operation not permitted indicates that the user does not have the necessary permissions to use the ping command. The error message ping: => missing cap_net_raw+p capability or setuid? sugges...

Linux
Security

How to Download Files with cURL

Linux General

Client URL, or cURL, is a library and command-line utility for transferring data between systems. It supports many protocols and tends to be installed by default on many Unix-like operating systems. Because of its general availability, it is a great choice for...

Linux
cURL

Guacamole and SSH Ubuntu 22.04 connection errors

Linux Ubuntu Specific KB

The following workaround to ssh into ubuntu 22.04 and above server with Guacamole comes from this pageSource Page When setting up Guacamole I had issues with connecting to the ubuntu machine via a ssh connection. The server simply said connection er...

Linux
Ubuntu

Change Pi-Hole Admin Password

Pi-Hole

This is to be run from a Terminal session on the Linux machine hosting the Pi-Hole installation. sudo pihole -a -p You will be asked to supply the new password for the Pi-Hole Admin User Output Enter New Password (Blank for no password): Confirm Password:...

Linux
Pi-Hole

Filesystem permissions

Linux Security

File permissions in Linux are coded symbolically (as letters) r - read w - write x - execute And Numerically: 4 - read 2 - write 1 - execute dir permissions Octal del rename create files dir list read files contents write file conten...

Linux
Security

How To Use Cron to Automate Tasks

Linux General

Introduction Cron is a time-based job scheduling daemon found in Unix-like operating systems, including Linux distributions. Cron runs in the background and operations scheduled with cron, referred to as “cron jobs,” are executed automatically, making cron us...

Linux